Wednesday 14 December 2016

THE FIRST ANAMBRA YOUTH SUMMIT HELD ON 10TH DECEMBER 2016, ORGANISED BY ANAMBRA STATE TOWN UNION(ASATU) YOUTH WING.

  As it happened at the "First Anambra Summit"organised by  Anambra State Association of Town Unions(ASATU); Youth-Wing.
An address was presented by Dr JAP Okolo(National President ASATU), in his address he narrated how the body ASATU was instituted some years back, which is basically aimed at bringing unity among all the towns in Anambra State.
Dr JAP Okolo made it clear that Anambra State is the best State that have ever practised Town unionism through these town union bodies. Dr Okolo also said that it was the idea of the town union body(ASATU) to bring the "Youth Wing" of ASATU into existence.

In his welcome address the President ASATU WING Hon Osita Ozalagba welcome all the personalities present,-like Chief Willie Obiano able represented by the Special Adviser on Youth Empowerment and Mobilization Dr Onyeka Ibezim, Dr JP Okolo, Nze Akachukwu Nwankwo(Oputa ife-adi), Rtn Ifeanyi Aniagoh(SSA To Governor on Social Media), SA To Governor on Security, Hon Chinedu Udodeme(DG Campaign Victor Umeh) and soo many other personalities. Hon Osita also welcome and appreciated all the youths from different towns present in this occasion, he reiterated to the youths presented that they are still the hope our State and remain the determinant of anything that will happen in Anambra State; both politically and otherwise.
Hon Osita also thank all the people present at this Summit and promised every person present that their current ASATU Youth wing Leadership will always be transparent with their leadership position.
Hon Dr Onyeka Ibezim who represented the governor of Anambra State also address the members of ASATU Youth who are present, and urge all the youths to always face reality about the good thing our governor is doing and not being sentimental or deceived by some selfish individuals.
Dr Onyeka commended the leaders of ASATU Youths and all the youths present; and urge them to continue doing the good things they have been doing.
  The members of the ASATU Youth wing present were given an opportunity to ask the governor questions on the current programmes and activities of the government.
The youths in an interactive manner asked a lot of questions to the governor as it is deem in a democratic government. 
The first question was asked by the youth from Enugwu-Umuonyia Orumba South LG, calling the State government to come to their aid because they didnt have any good road to distribute their large quantity of Agricultural products.
The second question came from the PRO of ASATU Youth wing(Omen), who directed the State government to go into real empowerment of the youths from different Communities of Anambra State; and  not empowering people-"Called Youths"  who are selected through IM by people in positions of power. This words came from this ASATU Youth wing PRO(Omen) after making an open question to the Youths present at the event, -that if any of them that have been empowered through the on-going empowerment programme in the State, let him/her stand-up; but non of the youths present at the event stood up.
In his response to the questions, the governor of Anambra State Chief Willie Obiano able represented by Hon Dr Onyekachukwu Ibezim answered the first question by informing all the youths that the State government have started road constructions some weeks ago after the rainy season in most roads in State and the road constructions will surely get to all the Communities of Anambra State.
Coming to the second question on Youth Empowerment, Dr Onyekachukwu made it crystal clear to the youths that the state government have devised a defined structure through which it empowers youths and members of every organised youth body. Dr Ibezim told the members of ASATU Youth wing that their own empowerment was delayed because of they have been having leadership crisis for long, but the State government have empowered the youths under youth bodies like United Anambra Youth Assembly(U AYA), Obiano Support group etc, and youths that organised themselves into Cooperative society, so as to support them in their different area of productivities like Agriculture etc and investments. And that government does not dash out money to individuals or lazy youths, you must show  what you can do best and government will then empower you.
The  most recent empowerment was the one given to ten youths(a loan of #500000 naira each) last week 30/11/16 under the Talent haunt programme organised by the Anambra State AIDS Control Agency(ANSACA). Dr Onyeka Ibezim have earlier stated that the State government in no distant time will empower members of one organised youth group name-"Ego Kristi Youth Movement" and that Anambra State government are set to empower members of any organised youth body in the State through its well structured empowerment programmes.
Award was presented to some personalities who have done well through their various positions, among the Awardees were Nze Akachukwu Nwankpo KSJ"Oputa Ifeadi"(Special Adviser to FMR President GEJ On Tech. Matters), Dr Patrick Ifeanyi Ubah(Chairman Capital Oil & Gas Ltd/Chairman Anambra State Football Association), Prince Emeka Udodeme"Odegba"(Former  PRO ASATU and Fmr Youth Leader Oraukwu Youth Assembly), Hon Uchenna Okafor"Wiper"(Special Adviser to the Governor on IGR) and Chief Levi Elobisi"Onwa"(Afunwa Elotanna of Ogbunike).

In conclusion Comrade Osita KC Ozalagba thank all the youths and personalities that graced the occasion and promised them that before next three years that ASATU Youth wing will make serious positive impact in the life of youths and in Anambra State at large.
 
Comrade Ositadimma Luke Iloghalu(Editor-In-Chief Ego Kristi NewsLight) from Ego Kristi Media,  Reporting from Emaus House Awka.

Tuesday 6 December 2016

The 2nd Youth Leadership Orientation Seminar organised by Ego.Kristi Youth Movement was a huge success by the grace of God. May the name of God be praise high, may the name of God be exulted on high. Ubangidi Allah Si Saliki, Ubangidi Allah, Nagwode Allah oooh, God is great.

I thank the Almighty God for the success of the long awaited-"2nd Youth Leadership Orientation Seminar 2016" organised by Ego Kristi Youth Movement for all the youths and "The Launching of the first edition of our Newsletter(Ego Kristi NewsLight)" held on 26th November 2016.
  May the name of God be exulted high, may God name be praise, may the Allah be praise, ubangidi Allah Si Saliki, Bariki de Allah, Nagwode Allah.
God have answered my 40 days fasting and prayers for the sake of the suffering poor youths, for the sake of suffering poor masses, my Lord is the King of King, It is God who did it.
 
Left for some men, some of my fellow Christians(Occultic Christians), some honourable members, some selfish youths, their thinking and their plans, Ego Kristi Youth Movement would have been put to shame but God has done it.

God said it well in Isaiah 50;7-9;- For their insults cannot hurt me because the sovereign Lord gives me help. I brace myself to endure them, i know that i will not be disgraced for God is near and He will prove me innocent.
God have answered me after my forty(40) days fasting and prayers while going into different offices in Anambra State government house, all those working in that government house turn deaf ear to us and didnt answered us, even a person that might be refer as a brother to our governor(we have all the records), but God have answered us!!!, Father God take all the glory, take all the honour, take all the adoration in Jesus name, amen.
My help cometh from the Lord who created me and who made heaven and Earth. The determined God-fearing Youths have come to take over as Leaders of today as it is in the word of God in Isaiah 3; 1-9;- the Lord will let the people be governed by immature boys.

  I must commend all the honourable members, personalities that was present in our event and those who also supported our event.
  I will start by commending Chief Willie Obiano Akpokuodike(The Governor of Anambra State) for his presence in our event, Chief Sir Victor Umeh Ohamadike for his financial support towards our event, Hon Sir Chigozie Ejidike(Chairman of the Occasion) Hon Tony-Uche Ezekwelu(SSA To Gov on Youth Mobilization), Hon Bar Uju(Commissioner of Youth and Sports) who presented the Keynote Address, Hon Dr Onyeka Ibezim(SA To Gov on Youth
Mobilization and Empowerment), Prof Mathew Iwuchukwu(HOD Foreign Languages and Linguistic UNN) who presented us with his well researched Lecture on Igbo Youths and Politics, Hon Emelda Ejidike(Patroness), Hon Blessing Nnamekwe(SA To Gov on Youth Mobilization), Mrs Okolo, Bar Mrs Mmasinachi Umeh JP(Youth Counsellor Anambra State), Hon Frank Maduka JP(President NYCN Anambra State), Mazi Martin Orah(SA/Field Operation Officer Office of the SSA To Gov on Youth Mob.), Hon Vincent Ezechukwu(Field Operator Assistance/ICT/Social Media Office of the SSA On Youth Mob.), Leaders of different Student union bodies, Leaders of different Religious bodies etc.
I once again commend and appreciate you all for your presence and support toward this our event; i then pray that God shall according to his word 3John 2 provide all your need in Jesus, name, amen.
                 Sign
Ositadimma Luke Iloghalu(Founder and Gen Coordinator EKYM)

2017 Budget Of Anambra State

Gov Obiano has presented 2017 Budget Estimate of N115.5bn for the 2017 fiscal year.

The state expects to spend N56.6bn on Recurrent Expenditure and N58.9bn on Capital Expenditure targeting a recurrent to capital expenditure ratio of 49:51.

Take your time to read the details as contained in the governor's address below.

...

THE 2017 BUDGET ADDRESS PRESENTED BY HIS EXCELLENCY, CHIEF WILLIE OBIANO, GOVERNOR OF ANAMBRA STATE TO THE HONOURABLE LAWMAKERS, ANAMBRA STATE HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY

Protocol

Your Excellency, the Deputy Governor,
The Right Honourable Speaker, Honourable Deputy Speaker,
Principal Officers of the House and other Honourable
Members of the Anambra State House of Assembly,
The Chief Judge of Anambra State,
The Secretary to the State Government,
The Chief of Staff,
The Head of Service,
Honourable Commissioners,
Special Advisers to the Governor,
The Clerk of the House,
Permanent Secretaries,
Traditional Rulers,
Members of the Press,
Distinguished Ladies and Gentlemen,

Good morning.

It is an honour to stand before this dignified Assembly today, to present to you my administration’s Draft Estimate and Roadmap for the 2017 Fiscal Year. However, before I proceed with the business of the day, I must not fail to express the profound gratitude of the Executive Arm of Government for your commendable partnership with us in the outgoing fiscal year. Madam Speaker and Honourable Lawmakers, permit me to observe that the great cooperation we have enjoyed together has been in the best interest of Anambra State and as we prepare to enter the next fiscal year, I hope that we shall all work hard enough to sustain it. Dalunu!

Madam Speaker and Honourable Lawmakers, the outgoing year 2016 may well be Nigeria’s worst nightmare in recent memory. There were challenges from all fronts. But to the Glory of Almighty God, Anambra State stood tall through it all. We have continued to honour our financial obligations and to keep our electoral promises to Ndi Anambra.     

Madam Speaker and Honourable Lawmakers, the 2016 Budget presented a great opportunity to my administration to extract the inherent values and benefits of my Economic Blueprint in fulfilment of my promise to Ndi Anambra.

Indeed, I am truly delighted to report that even in the face of adversity, we remained firmly focused on the foundational philosophies of my administration. We stayed true to our Vision of making Anambra State the First Choice Investment Destination and a hub for industrialization and commercial activities. We also kept to our Mission of making Anambra State a socially stable, business-friendly environment that would attract both indigenes and foreigners to seek wealth-creating opportunities. Indeed, despite the severe economic environment of the outgoing year, we made a great deal of progress in reinventing Anambra State and opening her up to the world.

2016 FISCAL YEAR IN REVIEW

Madam Speaker, Honourable Lawmakers, for most Nigerians, only one word defines the outgoing fiscal year. That word is RECESSION! This is the economic reality that emerges when a country records two consecutive quarters of negative growth in her GDP in a given fiscal year. Indeed, fellow compatriots, this economic tragedy occurred during the first three quarters of the current year, hence, plunging our nation into its most difficult year in recent times. A Recession typically limits the ability of governments and private sector to realise set out objectives. To that extent, the contraction of the nation’s economy affected some of Nigeria’s best laid out plans. It also impacted our plans for Anambra State.  

Indeed, the outgoing year is a year in which the worst fears of the nation manifested. The macro-economic environment that had looked bleak all along finally came off the hinges. The continuous assaults on oil installations in the Niger Delta eventually impacted negatively on our nation’s daily oil production combined with a southward slide in oil prices, thereby reducing revenues accruing to all tiers of government by over 60%!

The decrease in revenue brought about an acute shortage of dollars which greatly impacted the productive sector of our economy. The scarcity of foreign exchange combined with other negative indices in the economy forced many manufacturers, importers and other service providers out of business and led to a mass shutdown of factories and increased unemployment across the country.

Madam Speaker, Honourable Lawmakers, for the first time in living memory, Nigeria found herself in an extremely difficult situation as the Nigerian Army went to war on two fronts within Nigerian territory. The war with the terrorist group, Boko Haram and the war against militancy in the Niger Delta. These issues further exacerbated the economic challenges faced by Nigerians across the country. 

The Anambra Response                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             

Madam Speaker and Honourable Lawmakers, it is heart-warming to note that the economic and social whirlwind that swept through the country for the better part of this year did not affect the basic foundations of peace, security and even comfort that we have enjoyed in Anambra State in the past two and a half years. Nor did it derail our steady march to a prosperous and more forward looking Anambra State. What it did however is that it forced us to look inwards more often for solutions to our problems. It also forced us to re-evaluate our priorities and align government spending to projects that offer us maximum values with minimum investment; projects with a high socio-economic impact and projects that will secure the future of Anambra State. The bleak operating environment also made us hold on very tightly to our administrative maxim – “doing more with less” and ensure that whatever we do is a reflection of this philosophy.

Fellow compatriots, what stands out as our most proactive response to the Recession was the announcement of my Economic Stimulus Package in September earlier this year. Its sole objective was to cushion the impact of the economic meltdown and help our local economy weather the storm and regain its path to recovery.

My brothers and sisters, my administration is genuinely concerned about the plight of Ndi Anambra. We are worried about our hardworking industrialists who have thousands of our people working in their factories in Onitsha, Nnewi and other parts of the State. We are worried about the owners of small businesses and start-ups for whom this Recession has been the ultimate dream killer. We are worried about the low income earners – the wheelbarrow pushers, the cleaners in various offices and the petty traders selling bananas at Oye-Agu Market in Ifitedunu. Madam Speaker, we are worried about my good people of Anambra State.

In response to their plight we came up with an Economic Stimulus Package that seeks to make critical interventions in four broad areas, namely – the Tax Relief Programme, the Special Intervention Programme for Small and Medium Enterprises, the Social Intervention Programme for Low Income Households and finally the Intervention in Infrastructure-for-Jobs.

Madam Speaker and Honourable Lawmakers, in pursuit of this, we effected the following:
We suspended collections of wheelbarrow and hawkers taxes across all markets in the State.
We suspended the sale of consolidated emblems across the State.
We reduced taxes for Okada and Keke riders to N50 and N200, respectively.
We banned all illegal levies across all Government owned primary and secondary schools in the State.
We offered employment to over 250 physically challenged graduates into the State Civil Service.
Through our Partnership with United Nations Development Program, we trained and empowered 200 persons living with disabilities.
We provided low interest facilities totalling N1.5bn through Anambra State Small Business Agency to support Small-Medium Enterprises and Micro enterprises. We have also reached advanced stages in our quest for additional funding to scale up our efforts in this regard.
We catalysed domestic productivity and are creating jobs and stimulating our local economy across 181 communities in the State through our highly applauded N3.6bn Community-Choose-a-Project Programme.

In much the same way, Madam Speaker, we have also succeeded in drawing the attention of the Federal Government to the manufacturing sector in Anambra State. The recent visit by the Vice President of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, Prof. Yemi Osinbajo is a significant step in the right direction. Fellow citizens, the Vice President’s visit was a response to a formal request that I made to the Presidency after holding fact-finding deliberations with the leaders of the Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN), the Nigerian Association of Chambers of Commerce, Industries, Mines and Agriculture (NACCIMA) in Anambra State. We continue to pursue the assurances given to us by the Vice President during his visit to ensure that our entrepreneurs have significant support from the Federal Government to engineer a realistic comeback for their businesses.

Madam Speaker, it is indeed, a thing of joy to me that despite the parlous state of the economy and the challenges caused by the current Recession, Anambra State has continued to honour all her financial obligations and pay salaries and pensions as and when due. I must confess that while this has not been an easy feat to achieve in a country where only 4 out of 36 states are able to cover their recurrent expenditure, my Team and I are determined to sustain this tradition against all odds. This feat has been achieved through prudent management of resources, pruning down our recurrent expenditure and increasing internally generated revenues, which have averaged at approximately 1.2bn monthly.

Fellow citizens, we maintained a firm handle on Security and Safety in Anambra State in the outgoing year. Indeed, there was no let up as a few attempts to breach our iron tight security failed woefully. A good case in point was the kidnap of a transporter in Onitsha which our men swiftly tracked to a hideout in Oji River, Enugu State and rescued the victim from the kidnappers den without firing a single gunshot. To the Glory of God, we have enjoyed a long, unbroken period of peace and tranquillity in this great state that has firmly positioned Anambra as the safest state in Nigeria today. 

In spite of the current economic challenges, Anambra continues to retain its position as one of Nigeria’s most investment friendly state evidenced by over 29 companies and $4.5bn attracted since the onset of my administration. However, during the 2016 fiscal year, Anambra State Investment Promotion & Protection Agency (ANSIPPA) attracted over $494m across numerous sectors, such as Real Estate, Entertainment, Transportation, Agriculture and Power. About 10 companies have commenced operational activities in the State. Investors such as Coscharis Farms in Anaku, Joseph Agro Farms in Ufuma, Lynden Poultry Farms in Igbariam, Global Gaming Company in Awka, etc are at various stages of their business cycle in Anambra.

Madam Speaker and Honourable Members, the outgoing year will also go down in history as the year that Anambra made headlines as a leader in Agricultural production in Nigeria. It is the year when our vegetable produce was granted entry into the UK and the same year that Anambra Rice became one of Nigeria’s most sought after brands of rice. It is the same year that the Federal Government turned its full attention to Anambra State with the visit of a delegation comprising of the Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria, Mr. Godwin Emefiele, the Minister of Agriculture, Chief Audu Ogbe and the Chairman of the Special Committee on Agriculture, Governor Atiku Abubakar Bagudu. The visit of the delegation marked Anambra’s full recognition as a force to reckon with in Agriculture in Nigeria.

Some key interventions/achievements during the year in the Agriculture sector are:
We distributed 250 tonnes of certified rice seedlings, 300 tonnes of Maize and 30,000 bundles of termite-resistant cassava stems to Farmers at the onset of the planting season.

We plugged into E-Agriculture which we refer to as the “Anambra State Agriculture Control and Monitoring Centre”. This technology enables us monitor and evaluate the activities of over 97,487 farmers comprising of 55,434 women, 38,221 men and 24,761 youths.

In rice specifically, for the 2016 farming season, our records indicate that our rice production is estimated at 230,000 metric tonnes which beat our 2016 target of 210,000 metric tonnes. While our yield has improved from 3.3 tonnes/hectare to 5.5 tonnes/hectare on average.

Our Anambra rice brand continues to soar, as the likes of Coscharis Farms, Novtec Farms and Joseph Agro Farms are currently milling rice paddies with a view to launch their brands in Anambra before the end of the year.

With the support of FADAMA and IFAD, we launched our Community Development Program to support the rice value chain this year. This project employs 120 youth in Anambra South Senatorial zone. We plan to replicate this program across all major agro corridors in the state.

Similarly, we have continued with our programme of providing quality public infrastructure across the state. Some notable interventions in the current year are:

We completed the three imposing Flyover Bridges in Awka at Aroma, Akwata and Amawbia each with state-of-the-art street lights, suspension lighting system and surrounding slip roads. These three bridges have greatly transformed the skyline of our capital city, Awka. We also completed the Anambra River Bridge in Aguleri measuring 280 meter making it the longest bridge in Anambra today and in the South East.

Extensive work is ongoing on over 300 km of roads projects across the state. With the onset of the dry weather, we have mobilized all our road contractors back to work across all senatorial zones in the State.

We have accelerated the reconstruction of inner city roads and patching of pot holes on our roads. This was possible through the repositioning and restructuring of Anambra Road Maintenance Agency (ARMA). We have employed 150 youths and distributed them across our 3 senatorial zones for proper engagement of the Zero pothole initiative.

We have currently finalized plans to procure a new asphalt plant as this will provide us with a more cost effective approach for road construction and maintenance, especially in the rural areas and on low density roads.

We embarked on an aggressive street lighting program across the State. The aim is to significantly reduce security challenges and beautify our major cities. We have completed and commissioned street light installations on the following streets:
Amansea to Oyeagu junction, Abagana through Old road
Governor's Lodge Amawbia to Nibo.
Arthur Eze Avenue to Eke Awka Market.
Orizu Road, Nnewi.
The three newly constructed flyovers at Aroma, Akwata and Amawbia junction by Enugu-Onitsha expressway.
Amawbia roundabout to Agulu by Agulu Lake

While street light installations at these locations are at advanced stage of completion;
Oyeagu junction, Abagana to Nkpor by Old Road.
Ngozika Estate, Awka.

Madam Speaker and Honourable members, our hold on Education did not slack in the outgoing year. As you are aware, my administration has a three pronged approach to guide our interventions in this sector, namely 1) Infrastructure, 2) Teachers welfare, and 3) Student’s welfare. Some of our key achievements are:
We embarked on massive renovations and rehabilitation programs in over 80 schools across our 21 LGAs.

We equally invested in 60 state-of-the-art science laboratories in our secondary schools across the state.

We constructed over 720 classroom blocks in government owned primary schools across all local governments in the State.

We sustained the provisions of incentives to our teachers of core subjects of English, Mathematics, Sciences and Igbo language. In addition, our teachers who reside in the hard-to-reach areas also received 20% of the basic salaries as incentives. We also introduced a similar incentive for teachers teaching in all government owned schools for the physically challenged in the State.

We have successfully been granted accreditations by the National Board for Technical Education in nine key subjects in three of our technical colleges – Government Technical College (GTC), Umeri, GTC, Nkpor and GTC, Umuchu. It is pertinent to note that on assumption of office, none of the 11 technical colleges in the state had any sort of accreditation. Till date, we have successfully accredited four technical colleges.

Last but not the least, all these investments have manifested in awards, encomiums and global recognition of our children in debates, quizzes and other competitions.

In the health sector, my administration embarked on numerous developmental initiatives aimed at improving the quality of healthcare services for Ndi Anambra. Some of our major achievements are:
We rehabilitated 10 maternal and child health centres in 10 communities across the State.

We commenced the first phase of our primary health centre (PHCs) rehabilitation program across our three senatorial zones. We have already completed 41 facilities while 21 facilities are very close to completion. The aim is to ensure that each of our 326 political wards has a functional and well equipped PHC.

We completed the renovation of general hospitals in Umueri, Atani, Nanka and Umunze. 15 other general hospital renovations are ongoing and we expect to complete all by the end of 2017 fiscal year.

My administration disbursed N747m to Mission hospitals in the State for improved health care service especially for the provision of medical equipment and infrastructure in their hospitals.

Also, we commenced the construction of an oxygen production plant at the Chukwuemeka Odumegwu University Teaching hospital in Amaku. The aim is to supply oxygen to all 1,562 private and public hospitals in Anambra, thereby, reducing the incidence of numerous deaths caused by unavailability of oxygen.

Lastly, earlier this year, we presented this Honourable House the Anambra Health Insurance Scheme bill. This initiative, once passed and implemented, will transform the workings and effectiveness of our health sector. It will ensure that all facets of the society, including the vulnerable and poor have sustained access to affordable healthcare services.

THE 2017 BUDGET

Madam Speaker and Honourable Lawmakers, the budget I have the honour of presenting to you today, is titled - Budget for Economic Recovery and Inclusive Growth. It is my administration’s response to the very difficult economic situation forced upon us by the present Recession. Yet in this budget as in the ones before it, our primary focus remains the development of Anambra’s economy and the laying of a foundation for a future we can all be proud of. I speak of a future of job increases and improved social welfare. But progress in these areas will be very difficult in the coming months. My administration will have to work harder to establish economic stability in Anambra amidst a deteriorating national economic environment and empower our people to thrive in challenging times.

Fellow citizens, for us to make any real progress, we must put aside self-interest and face each other openly and honestly on the table of brotherhood. We must resolve to optimize the allocation of government resources for the collective good of Ndi Anambra while broadening our economic support mechanisms. That has all been factored into the 2017 fiscal plan and will require an 11% increase on the previous year to achieve our plans for economy recovery.

Policy Thrusts

Madam Speaker and Honourable Members, while preparing the 2017 budget, we were guided by the following policy thrusts:

Firstly, a more optimal Resource Allocation strategy with deeper emphasis on our economic pillars and enablers.

Secondly, stronger Collaboration with the Federal Government, particularly in the areas of Social Investment, Works & Infrastructure, Education, Healthcare and Environment.

Thirdly, a more holistic approach to Development Partnership Interventions that will elicit greater support to the socio-economic sectors particularly in the areas of poverty alleviation and eradication schemes, community-driven infrastructure programs and youth empowerment schemes.

And finally our fourth target outcome will be to transform our Public-Private-Partnership Strategy, improving our oversight of existing projects and attracting new investments to fuel economic recovery and growth.

FY2017 Supporting Assumptions

Madam Speaker and Honourable Lawmakers, we have based our 2017 Draft Estimate, on the following key assumptions:

We project a crude oil price benchmark of $42 per barrel having observed a rebound of oil prices from $29.7 per barrel in January 2016 to $46.4 per barrel as at late November, 2016. 
Daily crude oil production has been estimated at 1.92 mbpd based on improving oil recoveries as a result of Federal Government’s continued efforts to address insecurity in the Niger Delta region.
The average Naira: Dollar exchange rate has been estimated at N305 to a Dollar.
Value added tax is projected at N850m monthly, which represents a 10% increase on our 9 months actual, up from the 2016 average of N770m and it is predicated on the effectiveness of reforms that FIRS has already commenced.
Based on the above, our Federal Allocation receipt for 2017 is estimated at a conservative figure of N40.2bn, which is an increase of 20% on 2016 annualised actuals.
We have projected N20.4bn for internally generated revenues in FY2017, which is an increase of 26% on 2016 annualized actuals. Madam Speaker, you may recall that:
we suspended the collection of taxes imposed on hawkers and wheelbarrow pushers in our markets,
reduced taxes for Okada and Keke drivers, and
suspended the sale of consolidated emblems as a result of the current economic recession.
I therefore state categorically that we will not increase or reintroduce any of the above taxes. Our expected growth in IGR will be driven by the introduction of revenue courts to enforce payment of tax-debt by blue-chip companies (mainly the banks and telecommunications companies) and elimination of revenue leakages.
Domestic Borrowing will be maintained at N10bn with expectations of Federal government refunds of N12bn on Paris Club debt and N15bn on infrastructure provided by the state on behalf of Federal Government. The outstanding refundable amount to Anambra stands at N43.8bn today for infrastructure provided by the state on behalf of Federal Government.
Development partners are expected to provide N12bn in counterpart funds and grants.
On the expense side, Personnel costs are projected at N17.7bn to account for staff salaries and promotions during the year.
Social benefits expenditure which includes pensions, gratuities, etc. has been projected at N10.2bn.
Overheads are estimated at N18.4bn, a slight increase over the FY2016 budget. The projection is to accommodate the high inflation recorded over the last nine months.   
The Capital Expenditure Estimate geared towards realizing economic recovery is estimated at N58.9bn, which is a 11% increase over FY2016.

FY2017 Budget Envelope

We are proposing a budget size of N115.5bn for the 2017 fiscal year. Of this amount, the state expects to spend N56.6bn on Recurrent Expenditure and N58.9bn on Capital Expenditure, reflecting the focus on significant infrastructural development during the year to stimulate the local economy towards recovery. As was the case in 2016, we will continue to prioritize production over consumption targeting a recurrent to capital expenditure ratio of 49:51.

Here are a few highlights of our Sectoral Capital Plans:

Works & Infrastructure

Road construction and rehabilitation, at N24Bn will account for a significant proportion of planned Capital Expenditure in 2017 and will be focused on the completion of on-going road contracts awarded by the last and current administration in line with our Continuity Promise to Ndi Anambra and our Economic Blueprint.

Agriculture and related Sectors

In agriculture, we are aiming to become a top 3 producer of rice, maize & cassava. To achieve this, we have increased our budgetary allocation to agriculture by over 500% to N5.4Bn compared to 2016. We are making strategic investments to improve rice production in Anambra State to ensure we reach and surpass local consumption capacity of 320,000MT. We also plan to rehabilitate, equip and upgrade the College of Agriculture, Mgbakwu, increase funding for fertilizer procurement and distribution to rural farmers, create and fund the Fishery Development Youth empowerment scheme and other agricultural programs. Under our community development program, we intend to develop over 3,000 hectares of land in partnership with our development partners (FADAMA, IFAD, etc.)

Education

We plan to spend N3.4Bn in Education to support the improvement of teachers’ welfare, students' welfare and educational infrastructure. More specifically, we will build on our 2016 activities to incentivize and deploy teachers to rural/hard-to-reach areas; finalize the re-tooling of Special Education centres as well as provide grants and scholarships to exceptional students.

Youth Empowerment and Social Investments

Given the current economic situation, increased spending on youth empowerment and social investments will help ameliorate the impact of the recession on our unemployed youth, poor and most vulnerable. We are planning to significantly increase spending in social development and Youth empowerment to N1.6Bn in 2017 in line with the objective of stimulus package; which aims to deepen government social welfare activities amidst the challenging economic situation.

We are also working closely with the Federal Government to roll-out various social investment programs such as The Home Grown School Feeding Program which will feed approximately 80,000 pupils and employ 1,000 Teachers and The Conditional Cash Transfer Program (“CCTP”) which will provide N5,000 naira each to more than 10,000 poor and vulnerable households across twenty-one (21) LGAs. In a few months, we will commence the rollout of the World Bank-assisted Community Social Development Program (CSDP) which will provide approximately N1.5bn in counterpart funds for projects in rural communities in Anambra. We also plan on implementing another round of the N20 million choose-your-project community program to enhance rural infrastructure in the State.

Trade and Commerce.

In trade & commerce, we will kick start an innovative project to help develop markets across the state. Each of the 61 major registered markets in the state will be offered an opportunity to implement a project of their choice at a cost not exceeding the sum of N10m to enhance the environment of the market.

Water Resources and Utilities

In the area of water resources and public utilities, we plan to rehabilitate and operationalize over 160 uncompleted water schemes in the State, and develop effective water reticulation networks in the State. We also plan to sustain our street lighting program across additional towns in the state. We expect that this investment will further reduce criminal activities, sustain the growth the night economy and enhance the overall aesthetics of our dear state.

Madame Speaker and Honourable Members, further details of our planned capital expenditure during the 2017 fiscal year can be located in the attached appendix.

CONCLUSION
Madam Speaker and Honourable Members of this esteemed Assembly, fellow citizens, the Budget package that I lay before you today is a bold attempt to interpret the hard choices we must make to lift our beloved state out of the corrosive effect of the Recession in our country.

It is a budget that lays emphasis on prioritization as a creative means of ensuring impact and effectiveness in a recessional economy. But it is also a budget that will be essentially driven by innovation and our people’s well-known ability to rise above adversity and expand the boundaries of human progress.

I have no doubt whatsoever that this budget will serve as an all-important compass, guiding the activities of government in these trying times into a new phase of economic prosperity.

I eagerly look forward to a swift consideration and passage of this Budget to enable us sustain and surpass the pace of progress in Anambra State… The Light of the Nation!

God bless Anambra!
God bless Nigeria!

I thank you all.

Chief Willie Obiano, FCA
Governor, Anambra State.

Tuesday 8 November 2016

Ego Kristi Youth Movement in an interactive section with hon Anthonia Tabansi Okoye to ascertain the true nature of politics in Anambra State since her creation. Hon Anthonia lamented on the attitude of most Christians(Christ-like) towards politics in Anambra State and in Nigeria, which she referred to as-'Politics of Lies and deceit'; hon Anthonia calls for a positive change in what we currently witness in our political system, which contradicts an example of a true Christian life.

The members of Ego Kristi Youth Movement on Thursday 29/10/16, in her Courtesy visit tours to ascertain the condition of politics in Anambra State, had an interactive section with hon Anthonia Tabansi Okoye.
On our arrival to hon Anthonia Okoye residence in Housing Estate Fegge Onitsha, we were given a warm welcome with some cola by hon Anthonia.
On her speech hon Anthonia Tabansi in her welcome address thank the members of Ego Kristi Youth Movement and appreciated their strong commitment to effect some reformative changes in our political system.
In the interactive section, hon Anthonia Tabansi made it clear that lies has been the order of the day in our National and State politics with some stated evidences, which made the whole of our political system corrupt.
  Hon Anthonia was part of the five regimes of the governors that Led Anambra State government from the first democratically elected government of His Excellency Chukwuemeka Ezeife, to Chijioke Mbadinuju, Sen Chris Ngige, Peter Obi and finally Chief Willie Obiano.
Hon Anthonia Tabansi gave us the true analysis on the state of affairs in Anambra State government under these five regime and the various performance by these five governors within their four years different regimes.
Hon Anthonia Tabansi on her speech told us that Anambra State have within these five different regimes witnessed only few true Christians, why others are only camouflage or fake Christians.
  In our interactive section, Hon Anthonia as devoted Christian  said that although she have not benefited much from the current Anambra State government; he still see Willie Obiano as the best Christian Governor with the fear of God Anambra State government have ever had.
Hon Anthonia Tabansi said that our governor Chief Willie Obiano, is a governor that she have ever seen that have the real interest of Anambra State at heart and not merely for the business of politics.
The founder of Ego Kristi Youth Movement Comrade Ositadimma Luke Iloghalu commended hon Anthonia Tabansi for his service to Anambra State government as a member of Anambra State House of Assembly and as an aide to Anambra State government severally. Comrade Ositadimma urge hon Anthonia to always continue in her good service as a devoted Christian and never relent in doing good.
Other members of member of Ego Kristi Youth Movement present Comrade Igwe Nzeka and Nonso Okafor also commended the positive contributions by hon Anthonia Tabansi Okoye to Anambra State government and also urge her to do more.
  Hon Anthonia finally commended the effort of the EXCOS of Ego Kristi Youth Movement by organising such a mega Leadership Orientation Seminar for our Youths and promised to give them the necessary support towards the success of their event.
     Ego Kristi Media Team Reporting from Fegge Onitsha, Anambra State.

Thursday 3 November 2016

Switzerland Legislative Structure that gave people in the grassroot chances to contribute through Referendum in the making or amending of their National Law or Constitution Still remains the best system of government for a true democracy

  THE POLITICS AND LEGISLATIVE STRUCTURE OF SWITZERLAND;-

There is a framework of a multi-party federal directorial democratic republic, whereby the Federal
Council of Switzerland is the collective head of government and head of state . Executivepower is exercised by the government and thefederal administration and is not concentrated in any one person. Federal legislative power is vested in both the government and the two
chambers of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature .
Switzerland is the closest state in the world to
a direct democracy . For any change in the
constitution, a referendum is mandatory
( mandatory referendum); for any change in a
law , a referendum can be requested ( optional
referendum ). Through referenda , citizens may
challenge any law voted by federal parliament
and through federal popular initiative introduce
amendments to the federal constitution .
The same system is used for the three
administrative levels of municipality, canton
and country. If the community is small enough
like in small villages, the parliament
representing the people does not exist. Also
the ordinary law does then not exist, only the
constitution of the village. The term "council"
is used ambiguously, sometimes it refers to
legislation, i.e. parliament, sometimes to the
execution, i.e. government.
Direct representation
See also: Voting in Switzerland
Switzerland features a system of government
not seen in any other nation[citation needed ]
direct representation, sometimes called half-
direct democracy (this may be arguable,
because theoretically, the Sovereign of
Switzerland is actually its entire electorate).
Referenda on the most important laws have
been used since the 1848 constitution .
Amendments to the Federal Constitution of
Switzerland, the joining of international
organizations, or changes to federal laws that
have no foundation in the constitution but will
remain in force for more than one year must
be approved by the majority of both the people
and the cantons , a double majority.
Any citizen may challenge a law that has been
passed by parliament. If that person is able to
gather 50,000 signatures against the law
within 100 days, a national vote has to be
scheduled where voters decide by a simple
majority of the voters whether to accept or
reject the law. [1]
Also, any citizen may seek a decision on an
amendment they want to make to the
constitution. For such a federal popular
initiative to be organised, the signatures of
100,000 voters must be collected within 18
months. [2] Such a federal popular initiative is
formulated as a precise new text (general
proposal initiatives have been canceled in
2009 [3] ) whose wording can no longer be
changed by parliament and the government.
After a successful signature gathering, the
federal council may create a counterproposal
to the proposed amendment and put it to vote
on the same day as the original proposal.
Such counter-proposals are usually a
compromise between the status quo and the
wording of the initiative. Voters will decide in a
national vote whether to accept the initiative
amendment, the counter proposal put forward
by the government if any, or both. If both are
accepted, one has to additionally signal a
preference. Initiatives (that are of
constitutional level) have to be accepted by a
double majority of both the popular votes and
a majority of the cantons, while counter-
proposals may be of legislative level and hence
require only simple majority .
Executive branch
Main articles: Swiss Federal Council and
Federal administration of Switzerland
See also: List of members of the Swiss Federal
Council and List of Presidents of the Swiss
Confederation
The Swiss Federal Council is a seven-member
executive council that heads the federal
administration , operating as a combination
cabinet and collective presidency . Any Swiss
citizen eligible to be a member of the National
Council can be elected; [4] candidates do not
have to register for the election, or to actually
be members of the National Council. The
Federal Council is elected by the Federal
Assembly for a four-year term. Present
members are: Doris Leuthard (CVP/PDC), Guy
Parmelin (SVP/UDC), Ueli Maurer (SVP/UDC),
Didier Burkhalter (FDP/PRD), Simonetta
Sommaruga (SP/PS), Johann Schneider-
Ammann (FDP/PRD) and Alain Berset (SP/PS).
The largely ceremonial President and Vice
President of the Confederation are elected by
the Federal Assembly from among the
members of the Federal Council for one-year
terms that run concurrently. The President has
almost no powers over and above his or her
six colleagues, but undertakes representative
functions normally performed by a president or
prime minister in single-executive systems.
The current (As of 2016) President and Vice
President are Johann Schneider-Ammann and
Doris Leuthard , respectively.
The Swiss executive is one of the most stable
governments worldwide. Since 1848, it has
never been renewed entirely at the same time,
providing a long-term continuity. From 1959 to
2003 the Federal Council was composed of a
coalition of all major parties in the same ratio:
2 each from the Free Democratic Party , Social
Democratic Party and Christian Democratic
People's Party and 1 from the Swiss People's
Party . Changes in the council occur typically
only if one of the members resigns (merely four
incumbent members were voted out of the
office in over 150 years); [5] this member is
almost always replaced by someone from the
same party (and often also from the same
linguistic group).
The Swiss government has been a coalition of
the four major political parties since 1959,
each party having a number of seats that
roughly reflects its share of electorate and
representation in the federal parliament. The
classic distribution of 2 CVP/PDC, 2 SPS/PSS,
2 FDP/PRD and 1 SVP/UDC as it stood from
1959 to 2003 was known as the " magic
formula ". [5]
This "magic formula" has been repeatedly
criticised: in the 1960s, for excluding leftist
opposition parties; in the 1980s, for excluding
the emerging Green party; and particularly
after the 1999 election, by the People's Party,
which had by then grown from being the fourth
largest party on the National Council to being
the largest. In the elections of 2003 , the
People's Party received (effective January 1,
2004) a second seat in the Federal Council,
reducing the share of the Christian Democratic
Party to one seat.
Legislative branch
The Federal Palace, in Bern, hosts the
Federal Assembly and the Federal
Council .
Switzerland has a bicameral parliament called
the Federal Assembly , made up of:
the Council of States (46 seats - members
serve four-year terms) and
the National Council (200 seats - members
serve four-year terms and are elected by
popular vote on a basis of proportional
representation)
The previous elections (before those held in
2011, below) to the National Council were held
in 2007, see 2007 elections for more details.
The five parties that hold seats in the Federal
Council dominate both chambers of the
Assembly; they currently hold a supermajority
of 167 seats in the National Council, and 41 in
the Council of States.
Most hearings in the parliament are open to
everyone, including foreigners.
Political parties and
elections
For other political parties, see List of political
parties in Switzerland. An overview on
elections and election results is included in
Elections in Switzerland.
Switzerland has a rich party landscape. The
five parties represented in the Federal Council
are generally called the government parties:
Free Democratic Party , Social Democratic
Party , Christian Democratic Party , Swiss
People's Party , and Conservative Democratic
Party of Switzerland.
As of 2011 only the five government parties
were represented in the Council of States. In
the National Council the party landscape is
more diverse with six non-government parties
having at least one seat.
Main article: Swiss federal election, 2011
Summary of the 23 October 2011
National Council of Switzerland election
results
Parties Abbr. Alignment Ideology
Swiss
People's
Party
SVP/
UDC
Right
wing
National
conservatis
Social
Democratic
Party SPS/
PSS Centre-
left Social
democracy
FDP.The
Liberals
FDP/
PLR
Centre-
right
Classical
liberalism
Christian
Democratic
People's
Party
CVP/
PDC
Centre/
Centre-
right
Christian
democracy
Green Party GPS/
PES Left wing Green politic
Green
Liberal Party
GLP/
PVL Centre Green
liberalism
Conservative
Democratic
Party
BDP/
PBD
Centre-
right Conservatis
Economic
liberalism
Evangelical
People's
Party EVP/
PEV Centre Christian
democracy
Party of
Labour PdA Left wing Socialism
Ticino
League LdT Right
wing Regionalism
Right-wing
populism
Christian
Social Party
CSP/
PCS
Centre-
left Christian left
Geneva
Citizens'
Movement
MCG Right
wing
Regionalism
Right-wing
populism
Federal
Democratic
Union
EDU/
UDF
Right
wing Christian rig
Other
Total (turnout 48.5%)
Source: Swiss Federal Statistical Office
(French)
Summary of the 23 October, 13
November, 20 November, 27 November and 4
December 2011 Council of States of
Switzerland election results
Parties Ideology 2007 Seats
Christian
Democratic
People's
Party (CVP/
PDC)
Christian
democracy 15 13 -
FDP.The
Liberals
(FDP/PRD) Classical
liberalism 12 11 -
Social
Democratic
Party (SPS/
PSS)
Social
democracy 9 11 +
Swiss
People's
Party (SVP/
UDC)
National
conservatism 7 5 -
Green Party
(GPS/PES) Green politics 2 2 ±
Green
Liberal Party
(GLP/VL)
Green
liberalism 1 2 +
Conservative
Democratic
Party (BDP/
PBD)
Conservatism /
Economic
liberalism
New 1 +
Independent Independent 0 1 +
Total 46 46
Source: http://www.politik-stat.ch/
srw2011CH_de.html
Judicial branch
Switzerland has a Federal Supreme Court , with
judges elected for six-year terms by the
Federal Assembly. The function of the Federal
Supreme Court is to hear appeals of cantonal
courts or the administrative rulings of the
federal administration.
Political conditions
Political positions of the Swiss political parties
based on their referendum voting
recommendations, 1985-90 and 2010-14
Switzerland has a stable government. Most
voters support the government in its
philosophy of armed neutrality underlying its
foreign and defense policies. Domestic policy
poses some major problems, to the point that
many observers deem that the system is in
crisis [7] but the changing international
environment has generated a significant
reexamination of Swiss policy in key areas
such as defense, neutrality, and immigration.
Quadrennial national elections typically
produce only marginal changes in party
representation.
In recent years, Switzerland has seen a gradual
shift in the party landscape. The right-wing
Swiss People's Party (SVP), traditionally the
junior partner in the four-party coalition
government , more than doubled its voting
share from 11.0% in 1987 to 22.5% in 1999,
rising to 28.9% in 2007, thus overtaking its
three coalition partners. This shift in voting
shares put a strain on the " magic formula", the
power-broking agreement of the four coalition
parties. From 1959 until 2004, the seven-seat
cabinet had comprised 2 Free Democrats, 2
Christian Democrats, 2 Social Democrats, and
1 Swiss People's Party, but in 2004, the Swiss
People's Party took one seat from the
Christian Democrats. In 2008 the Conservative
Democratic Party split from the SVP, taking
both of their Federal Council seats with them.
However, the SVP eventually retook both seats,
in 2009 and 2015 respectively. [8]
The Swiss Federal Constitution limits federal
influence in the formulation of domestic policy
and emphasizes the roles of private enterprise
and cantonal government . However, in more
recent times the powers of the Confederation
have increased with regard to education ,
agriculture , health , energy, the environment ,
organized crime, and
narcotics . [citation needed ]
The Index of perception of corruption puts
Switzerland among the least corrupt nations.
In the 2005 survey, Switzerland ranks 7th (out
of 158 surveyed), with 9.1 out of 10 possible
points, representing an improvement of 0.4
points over the past four years.
Together with seven other European nations,
Switzerland leads the 2005 index on Freedom
of the Press published by Reporters Without
Borders (with a score 0.5 points, zero being
the perfect score).
Foreign relations
Main article: Foreign relations of Switzerland
Switzerland has avoided alliances that might
entail military, political, or direct economic
action. In June 2001, Swiss voters approved
new legislation providing for the deployment of
armed Swiss troops for international
peacekeeping missions under United Nations
or Organization for Security and Co-operation
in Europe auspices as well as international
cooperation in military training. The Swiss
have broadened the scope of activities in
which they feel able to participate without
compromising their neutrality.
Switzerland maintains diplomatic relations with
almost all countries and historically has served
as a neutral intermediary and host to major
international treaty conferences. The country
has no major disputes in its bilateral relations.
Energy politics
The emergency switch-off button of
the Beznau Nuclear Power Plant. In
2011, the federal authorities decided to
gradually phase out nuclear power in
Switzerland.
See also: Energy in Switzerland and Nuclear
power in Switzerland
The energy generated in Switzerland comprises
55.2% hydroelectricity, 39.9% from nuclear
power , about 4% from conventional sources
and about 1% other.
On May 18, 2003, two referenda regarding the
future of nuclear power in Switzerland were
held. The referendum Electricity Without
Nuclear asked for a decision on a nuclear
power phase-out and Moratorium Plus asked
about an extension of an existing law
forbidding the building of new nuclear power
plants . Both were turned down: Moratorium
Plus by a margin of 41.6% for and 58.4%
opposed, and Electricity Without Nuclear by a
margin of 33.7% for and 66.3% opposed. The
former ten-year moratorium on the
construction of new nuclear power plants was
the result of a federal popular initiative voted
on in 1990 which had passed with 54.5% Yes
vs. 45.5% No votes (see Nuclear power in
Switzerland for details).
In May 2011, due to the Fukushima accident in
Japan, the Swiss government decided to
abandon plans to build new nuclear reactors.
The country’s five existing reactors will be
allowed to continue operating, but will not be
replaced at the end of their life span. The last
will go offline in 2034. [9]
See also
International relations of Switzerland
Modern history of Switzerland
Demographics of Switzerland
Direct democracy
Federal popular initiative
Referendum , List of Swiss federal
referendums
Concordance system
Constitutional conventions of Switzerland
Notes and references
1. ^ Pierre Cormon, Swiss Politics for
Complete Beginners], Editions Slatkine, 2014,
ISBN 978-2-8321-0607-5
2. ^ Cormon 2014 , p. 23.
3. ^ http://www.admin.ch/ch/f/pore/
va/20090927/det544.html
4. ^ Swiss Federal Constitution , art. 175 al. 3
5. ^ a b Cormon 2014 , p. 32.
6. ^ These numbers represent fictional voters .
See National Council for more details.
7. ^ Cormon 2014 , p. 55-61.
8. ^ Mombelli, Armando (December 10, 2015).
"People's Party Gains Second Seat in
Cabinet" . Swissinfo . Retrieved April 5, 2016.
9. ^ Kanter, James (2011-05-25).
"Switzerland Decides on Nuclear Phase-
Out" . The New York Times.
Bibliography
Pierre Cormon, Swiss Politics for Complete
Beginners , Editions Slatkine, 2014, ISBN
978-2-8321-0607-5
Hirschbühl, Tina (2011a), The Swiss
Government Report 1 , Federal Department of
Foreign Affairs FDFA, Presence Switzerland –
via YouTube
Hirschbühl, Tina (2011b), The Swiss
Government Report 2 , Federal Department of
Foreign Affairs FDFA, Presence Switzerland –
via YouTube
Hirschbühl, Tina (2011c), How Direct
Democracy Works In Switzerland - Report 3 ,
Federal Department of Foreign Affairs FDFA,
Presence Switzerland – via YouTube
Hirschbühl, Tina (2011d), How People in
Switzerland Vote - Report 4 , Federal
Department of Foreign Affairs FDFA, Presence
Switzerland – via YouTube
Hirschbühl, Tina (2011e), Switzerland & the
EU: The Bilateral Agreements - Report 5 ,
Federal Department of Foreign Affairs FDFA,
Presence Switzerland – via YouTube
Wolf Linder, Yannis Papadopoulos,
Hanspeter Kriesi, Peter Knoepfel, Ulrich Klöti,
Pascal Sciarini:
Handbook of Swiss Politics , Neue
Zürcher Zeitung Publishing, 2007, ISBN
978-3-03823-136-3 .
Handbuch der Schweizer Politik / Manuel
de la politique suisse , Verlag Neue
Zürcher Zeitung, 2007, ISBN
978-3-03823-136-3 .
Vincent Golay and Mix et Remix, Swiss
political institutions , Éditions loisirs et
pédagogie, 2008. ISBN 978-2-606-01295-3 .
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related
to Politics of Switzerland.
Swiss government site ( in English )
Swiss parliament site ( in English )
Chief of State and Cabinet Members
Political rights at the federal level
The political landscape of the present
parliament depicted in a graph
Swiss political system
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Politics of Switzerland

Sunday 30 October 2016

Ego Kristi Courtesy to Ebere Ejiofor

The Ego Kristi Youth Movement in her courtesy visit today met with hon Ebere Ejiofor(Immediate past Member representing Anaocha 1 in Anambra State house of Assembly), he is also a friend, lover and adviser of the youths.
Hon Ebere Ejiofor in his welcome speech gave words of encouragement to the active members of Ego Kristi Youth Movement, for coming together so as to work the collective interest of every youth. In his speech hon Ebere commended and advise the youths to always be industrious and creative, so as to always be independent in any area of life the find themselves.
Hon Ebere used his own past situation as an example; hon narrated how he was through the help of God got to the position of Anambra State house assembly member, despite the fact he is not from a wealthy background and was also still trying then to finish his second degree in the University.
  Hon Ebere urge the youth to be hardworking, determined and be focused in their life ambition/vision; not minding t background. Instead the person should be consistence in his participation/involvement in our State governance, with prayers he will surely get to that position.
The Founder and Gen Coordinator  Ego Youth Movement(Ositadimma Luke Iloghalu) thank Ebere Ejiofor for the cola he presented us. Comrade Ositadimma also appreciated hon Ebere for his continual concern and advise to the youth.
As it pertains to our -"2nd  Youth Leadership Orientation Seminar" holding on 26th November, hon Ebere Ejiofor promised to give us full support as the event draws nearer.

Ego Kristi Media Reporting from Awka, Anambra State.

Friday 21 October 2016

IDEAL FEDERALISM


NIGERIA: Political Issues & Solutions -

   Concept of Federalism;--
STATE SOVEREIGNTY AN INIMITABLE QUALITY
OF FEDERALISM:
A critical analysis of Nigerian
approach to the concept of state sovereignty
INTRODUCTION
One thing is clear in a federal system of government, the tiers of government ought to share political power as expressly spelt out in
the constitution.
Unfortunately, the current
foundation and principles on which Nigerian constitution is operated over the years particularly since the advent of democracy has not in any way reflected a true federalism in its
practical sense.
. Presently, Nigeria has a strong center and weak states. The states have become administrative
units of the federal government. The relationship between the centre and the states still reflects the military command structure, an unwelcome legacy of the military administration.
The states are so weak that none of them enjoys fiscal independence from the centre. The federal government pays the piper and is happily dictating the tune to the states.
The states are so weak and so generally impoverished that they
have no capacity even to negotiate meaningfully with the centre. None of the states as it is now can generate enough internal revenue to
prosecute any appreciable social and economic development.
Instead of pillars, the states have
become a burden on the federation.
It is a fundamental reality that, Nigeria cannot have a strong and united federation unless and
until the constituent parts are sufficiently empowered by enabling practices that conform to the principles of federalism Thus, this paper aims at discussing the issue of distribution of powers between the Nigerian federal government
and its constituent units, and making pragmatic solutions for its sustenance.

NIGERIAN FEDERAL GOVERNMENT
ENCROACHMENTS ON THE STATES
Nigeria returned to democratic rule in 1999, after about three decades of military rule. The state of the federation, in the new democratic rule since 1999, showed severe signs of stresses and strains. As the states try to express their newly acquired autonomy in a democratic context, the federal government tries to re-enact the old military scenario of the states as an administrative organs of the federal government.
This leads to a number of severe strains in the relations between the federal and States governments.
The Federal government does not maintain its boundaries of authority. It encroaches upon the jurisdictions and sovereignty of the states.
This has brought about severe resentments and conflicts between the states and the federal governments. It is therefore the mechanisms to resolving these encroachments that I now turn to
discuss.

1.1 SOLUTIONS TO FEDERAL ENCROACHMENTS
STRUCTURAL SAFEGUARDS
The structural safeguards of federalism restrain the national government to prevent encroachment.
Solution to Nigerian federal government encroachments on the sovereignty of the states could best be prevented by implementing some structural safeguards such as enumerated powers, fragmentation, and state incorporation.
The Founders of American constitution recognized that federalism presupposes limits to
the federal government’s power and authority …
Without constitutional boundaries, the national government would readily give in to demands to
wipe out state competition. In that event, the states would become mere instruments or administrative subunits of a central, unitary
government. The constitutional reflection of this recognition is the doctrine of enumerated powers.
In Nigeria, except for the rather vague statement in Section 2 of the 1999 Constitution, there are
no definite enumerated powers of the federal government the Nigerian Constitution. In the United States, the powers of the federal government are enumerated and limited.
Such enumerated and limited powers allows for checks and judiciary review of both the state and federal encroachments. It is important to note that when each state agreed to become part of the
federal republic of Nigeria, they did with the intention to surrender some of its powers without any recourse to their sovereign identity and
direct governance of its citizens. The major cause of ethnic crisis in Nigeria is mostly because the sovereignty of these states has been
trampled upon by the central government.

One of the challenging failures of Nigerian federalism is lack of inter-institutional oversight.
In Nigerian federal structure, vertical separation of powers is necessary for preservation of liberty and the prevention of tyranny. Hence, both the federal and states governments should possess the means of preventing or correcting unconstitutional encroachments of the other.
As it stands, the Nigerian federal government is self-regulating without institutional support. A
true federalism will be attained if the two levels of governments are partially dependent on one another through checks and balances. When this balance is achieved, the national government is less likely to behave opportunically, whether by
encroaching on the state governments or by tyrannizing its citizens.

POPULAR SAFEGUARDS
According to James Madison, the primary control of the government is its dependence on the people The declaration of American Independence contain the facts,
“… That whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and
to institute new Government, having its foundation on such principles and organizing its powers in such form, as to them shall seem most likely to effect their Safety and Happiness
…”
Popular safeguard is effective in a democratic society where there is respect for electoral principles. Joseph Schumpeter famously argued that democracy was best understood not as a practice of collective self-government by the
“people”, but rather, the selection by the people of representatives to govern on their behalf.

Elections, on this account, are a process whereby “individuals acquire the power to decide by
means of a competitive struggle for the people’s vote … To be democratic, the elections must
consist of “free competition for a free vote” among parties. But the corollary of electoral competition is not just the right “to produce a
government” but “also the function of evicting it” through the electoral process (272). Thus, competition between political parties entails the
possibility of alternation through regular, free and fair elections. A hallmark of democracy, in Theodore Pempel’s memorable turn of phrase, is the ability to “throw the rascals out.”
In the light of the above democratic principles, popular safeguards would be unthinkable mechanism in the present Nigerian federal setting of militant democracy. It is very difficult for the people to exercise their fair judgments on the choice of government or candidates. The
European Union Election Observer Mission was not constrained by diplomatic niceties in condemning the 2007 elections in Nigeria. The
caption of the EU preliminary report was, "Elections Fail to Meet the Hopes and Expectations of the Nigerian People and Fall Far
Short of Basic International Standards". The nature of electoral system causes most Nigerians
to lose faith and confidence in the country’s democratic process.

JUDICIAL SAFEGUARD
Since independence from Britain in 1960, Nigeria has adopted five Constitutions. The present
Constitution which borrowed most of its contents from the United States Constitution is a product of a military led initiative. Unfortunately,
Nigerians fail to understand that it is not what is copied on paper that produces federalistic character; rather, it is the means or mechanism
to enforce the contents of such instrument that matters. Laws are a dead letter without courts to expound and define their true meaning and operation. Constitutionalism is meaningless
without resources of power, in some form, both to achieve and sustain it. For example, in the United States, the constitution imposes limits on
government powers and these limits are meaningless unless subject to judicial enforcement. When trying to ascertain the limits of legislative power, courts … examines and
defines the nature of a federal power itself to see if it contains within it some inherent limitations.

Thus, in a true federal system, it is not out of place for the judiciary, to decide cases of constitutional controversies between the federal,
states and the citizens. It must be poised to intervene in cases where there exist such problems between the central and its federating
units. Unfortunately, Nigerian courts still perceive issues between Federal and States as having political undertones whereas the true test in a federal system is continuously defined and strengthened when the judiciary espouses and decides on issues bordering on the terms and
conditions.
The role of judiciary as a safeguard against federal encroachments is best achieved under an independent judiciary. In Nigeria, there is a
compulsory retirement age for justices of the supreme court at 70 years. A Supreme Court with compulsory retirement age of 70 is breeding ground for insecurity and judicial incapacity. A judge who is burdened with financial considerations of retirement years is not an independent judge. A judge who is burdened with the politics of advancement or succession is not
a free judge. A recent petition against the Chief Justice of Nigeria Supreme Court alleged that the
he had been honest before now, but due to his impending retirement, he has started amassing wealth through the abuse of his office.

In order for the Judiciary to act as a safeguard against any form of government encroachment,
Nigerian Supreme Court Justices should be appointed for life subject to impeachment and removal for physical or mental impairment.
Justices should serve an independent role free from political pressure. A judge who has run his
course and is divested of all ambitions, financial and professional insecurity is the judge, who will
give a bold and honest decision any day.

DISTRIBUTION OF AUTHORITIES AND BOUNDARIES DRAWING
At the center of every true federal structure lies a common feature: the sharing of sovereignty between national and state governments.

These boundaries between national and state governmental authority must be maintained. The problem with Nigerian federalism is the failure or incapability of the federal government to maintain its boundaries and curb the temptation
of states’ sovereignty exploitation. Sometimes it is confusing to distinguish what power belongs
to which level of government. This paper will now turn to examine how the spheres of power sharing could be allocated to each level of government - federal and state. Those within the federal power are earmarked as “centralization”
while those responsibilities within the state jurisdiction are labeled as “decentralization.”

MILITARY SECURITY
(Centralized responsibility of the central government).
It is the responsibility of the central government to provide security and protection for the rest of the units and the citizenry. In Nigeria, it is a
common practice for the President to use his emergency powers to deploy the military at his
whims. Military deployment could only be applicable in times of war or appropriate state of emergency with the approval of the House.

ECONOMIC BENEFITS & EFFICIENCY
(Cooperative function of the central and its
subunits)
In Nigeria, the central government believes and
operates on the basis that the federal
government owned the country, its resources and
all that dwell in the land. The central took the
fund that rightly belongs to the state and local
governments into the coffers of the Federal
Government. The subunits are thereby denied the
wherewithal to carry out their functions for the
progress and welfare of their citizens. Nigerian
states have almost completely lost their
autonomy. The centralization and concentration
of the country’s revenues in the hands of the
central government has resulted in the country’s
poor political, social and economic development.
Decentralization can take advantage of
informational asymmetries; that is, lower levels
of government may have local knowledge that
allows them to tax and spend most efficiently.
The classic example of this informational
asymmetry is the property tax, local
governments have a keener sense of market
value and can more appropriately devise a
formula to calculate tax rates than a central
government. Decentralization can also allow for
revenue specialization based on different
characteristics of the regions. A region especially
endowed in natural resources with extensive
mining operations might best rely on severance
taxes, while in another; tourism offers
opportunities for licenses and user fees.
Developmental projects are most efficiently
handled by the local governments who know
local needs and conditions, while higher levels of
government are necessary to coordinate
redistribution effectively
INNOVATION
(Decentralized sphere of the subunits)
Federalism enables a people to try experiments
which could not safely be tried in a large
centralized country. Justice Brandeis considered
it "one of the happy incidents of the federal
system that a single courageous State may, if its
citizens choose, serve as a laboratory; and try
novel social and economic experiments without
risk to the rest of the country. When states share
goals but try different policies, the potential for
policy decentralization to stimulate beneficial
innovation is maximized.
Under the current federal government in Nigeria,
all power is centralized, and the states do not
have any control over their resources, hence
there is no incentive for innovation and states
competition. Nigeria's economic development,
political stability, security and peace depend on
extending the freedom, benefits and choice of
autonomy to each ethnic nationality within the
country.
INTERGOVERNMENTAL COMPETITION
(Decentralized subunits authority)
Governments compete with one another to the
benefit of their citizens, eliminating waste and
encouraging growth. Intergovernmental
competition directly strengthens the allocative
functions of government. Decentralization
permits governments to match services with
variations in demand. Greater overall citizen
satisfaction can be achieved with multiple
governments offering different packages of public
services at different prices. Competition forces
governments to become more efficient in their
allocative activities, providing better services at
lower costs. Competition forces government to
be more responsive to citizens’ preferences than
monopoly government.
Allocation is the functional that local
governments can perform more effectively than
central governments, because decentralization
allows for a closer match between the supply of
public services and their variable demand.
Citizens migrate to those communities where the
allocation best matches their demand curve.
Intergovernmental competition inspires state and
local governments to be concerned with the
impact of their taxing and spending policies on
economic growth and to become directly
involved in economic development activities.
Competing governments are in a better position
to observe the economic consequences of their
policy decisions. Since state and local
governments are well equipped to pursue
developmental objectives, most public efforts of
this type should be left to them.
EXTERNALITIES MANAGEMENT
(Centralized federal government exclusivity)
The spillover effects of policies are known as
externalities because they are consequences of a
government’s policy that the government does
not consider. In Nigeria, each year, industrial
facilities discharge into the environment large
amounts of chemicals leading to respiratory,
neurological, developmental and reproductive
disorders, and cancers. The spillover effects of
these factories are without any form of
government management or control. The
distribution authority can be adjusted to manage
these externalities. The central government can
be given full control of a policy domain, it can
regulate it, or it can encourage beneficial
behavior. The central government can maintain a
common market between states by prohibiting
state-led industry protection that generates
negative externalities. In environmental policy,
the government can incentivize control; first,
through sanctions should the polluter fail to
reduce output, and the second, by pricing
pollution, to motivate polluters to reduce their
output without the threat of penalties.
MARKET PRESERVATION
(Cooperative sphere between the central
government and its subunits)
A market requires firmly established and credibly
defended property rights. Uniform governmental
regulation can establish rules governing property
ownership and transfer, as well as provide a
forum to adjudicate disputes. However, in order
to prevent government encroachments on
property rights, decentralization and fragmented
authority enable a state to credibly commit not
to expropriate all rents, when couple with other
conditions, such as a decentralization of fiscal
control and hard budget constraints.
In Nigeria the commitment to establishing
property rights and effective markets has not
been accompanied with significant devolution of
power to subnational governments. There is no
triumphal market economy due to lack of
freedom of local governments to set their
economic policies and induce competition among
jurisdictions. Market reforms have proceeded
alongside central resistance to subnational
claims for devolution of fiscal jurisdiction and
policing services. A commitment to market
reforms would require fiscal devolution that
eliminates financial dependence of the
subnational governments and induces horizontal
competition for efficient service delivery.
Thus, probable conditions for a sustainable
market preservation in Nigeria should be
structured to include:
a) A hard budget constraint on subnational
governments;
b) The authority of subnational governments to
regulate their domestic economies but without
the power to restrict the movement of goods and
services cross jurisdictions. And, the assignment
of monetary policy and common market
regulation to the central government; and
c) An explicit agreement on federal arrangement
to make for juridical federal restrictions and a
clean separation of national power including
independent courts.
POLITICAL PARTICIPATION
(Decentralized jurisdiction of the subunits)
Effective democracy depends on citizen
participation. As more people become
enfranchised or enter the political arena, a wider
variety of perspectives contribute to public
deliberation. As diversity increases, all else equal,
collective decision making improves.
The population of Nigeria is about 150 million,
out of which about 60 million people are
registered as eligible voters. The long history of
electoral rigging and fraud has challenged
possibilities for bringing citizens into the political
process. Pervasive electoral rigging and fraud
have increasingly become common practices in
Nigeria’s democratic process. This history has
produced conditions where political tensions
have mounted and violence has persisted. The
outcomes of many elections in Nigeria have been
so contested that the conditions for the survival
of the democratic order have been compromised.
The compromised system has permitted the
formation of political party politics that feed on
these lapses, rather than ethically engaging
citizens in ways that conforms to constitutional
provisions. The politicians employed anti-party
practices such as using money, thugs and
sometimes the police, to eliminate competition.
The general assumption that underpins the
democratic practices embraces the assertion that
power must only legitimately reside with the
people. In Nigeria, contrary to this idea, is the
notion of Godfatherism. While the concept of
Godfatherism remains fairly recent, the
phenomenon and its pervasiveness is as old as
electoral politics in the country. The development
of this phenomenon recognized that
Godfatherism thrives in any polity in which state
power is perceived as a commodity to be
possessed and used to acquire other
possessions Since these individuals in Nigeria
become too powerful to dictate for the rest, the
integrity of the process of choosing leaders is
compromised. Indeed, the idea of godfatherism is
an entrenched ideology that often accentuates
exclusionism and diminished entitlement to civic
and political rights of citizens.
The godfatherism phenomenon, emerges as an
illegal enterprise, but because this practice is
deeply rooted in the political process itself, it
possesses tremendous challenges to efforts at
reclaiming democracy for the people. State
power, here, is heavily commodified, and the
struggle for the exercise of this power restrict
access to power from the majority poor. The
highly privileged minority class constitutes the
dominant class in the Nigeria political setup, who
control the affairs of government.
Increasingly the dynamic relation between wealth
and power has definitely acquired new and
perverted meaning in the Nigeria political
process. The monetization and commodification
of the democratic process is endemic to the
character of, and popular response to, the
political process. The restriction of political and
civic rights from the citizen is now legitimately
justified through the heavily monetized electoral
practices. Increasingly, the amount required to
secure party nomination, in itself, poses a threat
to inclusion as majority of citizens are not able
to pay these amounts. What is troubling here is
that, because of these heavy monetary demands,
some competent aspirants, who have the
knowledge and leadership capability and are
entirely driven by democratic impulses, are
forced to withdraw their candidacy. In many
case aspirants for representative’s positions who
do not have the means to participate in the
processes opt for sponsorship from the wealthy
(Godfathers). This then becomes the ground for
neo-patrimonialism, as these indebted aspirants
are forced under obligations to serve the needs
and interests of their patrons. Thus, Godfathers
have in the most brazen manner hijacked the
political machinery at all levels. It means then
that what is called election in Nigeria is nothing
but the expression of the narrowly defined will of
a few dishonest individuals who feel that they
have the power to manipulate the entire electoral
process in favor of their anointed godsons
The aspirants because they are indebted to a
particular godfather, once in office serve the
interest of these godfathers rather than the
public who voted them in office. Democratic
efforts in this context, fractures the idea of
accountability, as normal political processes (in
terms of formal popular demands and civic
avenues of coercion of representative to do
public biddings) can no longer be recuperate
except through unorthodox means, which
sometimes result to violence.
The power of money has dwarfed the power of
choice… Men and women of ideas without access
to big money do not have a fair chance to run
and win. In fact, the godfather phenomenon is a
major threat to democratic consolidation in
Nigeria. The diminished public in politics asserts
a new path to defining citizenship away from
political rights. The Nigerian political system has
increasingly become a game in which godfathers
install their puppets in political office to do their
biddings.
It is an understatement to suggest, then, that
godfatherism clogs the system of political
representation. While the highjack of power in
Nigeria seems alarming, it is the sense of
diminished ownership of the political process
that threatens to negate commitment to
democratic values among citizens.
MANAGING AND SATISFYING DIVERSITY
(Decentralized sphere of the subunits)
Diverse opinions; they are inherent to humanity,
whether from the logical … or different histories,
or different ways of viewing the world. We
cannot eliminate diversity – whether born of
social differences or just different opinions ...
Diversity is beneficial when states serve as
policy laboratories. Diverse prospective and
desires may lead to new ideas, solutions that
can be transported to other domains and
territories. Federalism may help us to manage
diversity’s detrimental effects so we can harness
its benefits.
Nigeria is a country of extraordinary diversity.
Ethnicity is generally regarded as the most basic
and politically salient identity in Nigeria. Due to
marginalization of these diverse groups and their
non-inclusive in the affairs of the country has led
to Nigerians, more likely to define themselves in
terms of their ethnic affinities than national
identity. In other words, Nigerians tend to cluster
more readily around the cultural solidarities of
kin than the class solidarities of common
nationality. Thus ethno-religious tensions have
become common features in the Nigerian
federation and have constituted what is
commonly referred as the national question in
Nigeria. Nigeria is a mere geographical
expression’, bound together by nothing except
the coercive apparatus of the state. The major
challenge the nation faces is how to galvanize
the various ethno-religious groups into
nationhood with the instrumentalities of
federalism. This paper offers practical solutions
to this challenge (Infra).
ACCOUNTABILITY
(Decentralized subunits exclusivity)
Representation and accountability go hand-in-
hand: elected leaders are more likely to represent
their constituents faithfully when they know they
are held accountable for their actions.
Accountability is impossible without transparent
responsibility. Therefore, it is claimed that
authority decentralization improves
accountability because citizens are more likely to
see the effects of government action at the local
level and respond accordingly in the ballot box.
Nigerian citizens face a key challenge in holding
their political representatives accountable, since
decentralization reforms tend to be partial in
nature, leading to the involvement of multiple
tiers of government in the provision of public
goods. Under complete decentralization, voters
can limit governments rent seeking by setting
appropriate reelection incentives. The ability of
voters to hold politicians accountable is lower
under partial decentralization than under
complete decentralization.
Decentralization of expenditure responsibilities
from central to local levels of government is
generally thought to mitigate the problem by
bringing the policymaking process closer to
citizens and, hence, to increase overall
government accountability. The World Bank, for
example, has strongly advocated decentralization
on the basis that it will help to solve corruption
problems, especially in developing countries. The
standard intuition that decentralization should be
accountability-improving is consistent with
theoretical models considering complete
decentralization, i.e. the full transfer of a given
expenditure responsibility from a higher level of
government to a lower one.
ANTI-TYRANNY AND RIGHTS
(Cooperative between central government and its
subunits)
Federalism’s inherent fragmentation is well-
suited to block tyranny; when decision-making
power is subdivided, they tyrant cannot easily
gain full control. It is a common practice in
Nigeria that the ruling class could abuse its
powers to oppress the governed just as easily as
a king. The minority groups such as women,
children and the less privileged are faced with
the dangers of tyranny of their rulers.
Centralization of power and majority's tyranny
over political and social minorities is "a constant
threat" to Nigerian democracy.
HIGHER QUALITY REPRESENTATION
(Cooperative between central government and its
subunits)
Both centralization and decentralization are
important for federalism to improve the quality of
representatives. With two levels of government,
people can gain experience with their local
leaders. Accountability is easier at this level, so
voters are more likely to make the right
decisions about voting poorly performing
politicians out of office while retaining better
ones. In order to find this solution fruitful in
Nigeria, there must be restoration of confidence
in the country’s electoral system.
FORCED COMPLIANCE
Sometimes the federal government justifies its
encroachments on states non-compliance, even
when the subject of compliance is
unconstitutional or too expensive for the state to
implement. Very often, the federal government
uses intergovernmental retaliation to enforce
compliance. Intergovernmental Retaliation is a
severe type of safeguard. It is a safeguard with
potentially disastrous effects. It can lead to Civil
war. It is best not to involve intergovernmental
retaliation for the mundane matters of minor
transgressions, but preferably to reserve it for
significant transgressions. When
intergovernmental retaliation is the only
safeguard available, it is inevitably a severe
sanctioning mechanism. When it is reinforced by
other safeguards (structural, political, judiciary
and popular – supra) it may have potential to
span a wider range of punishment force. For
example, in the United States the federal
government withholds funds to induce state
compliance, for example, with highway funds,
education, and pollution control. This limited
intergovernmental retaliation is both tolerated
and kept in check by other safeguards,
particularly popular safeguard.
CONCLUSION
The success of Nigerian federation hinges on
widespread confidence in its safeguards. The
ability and commitment of the safeguards to
uphold the boundaries of authority must be
beyond question. No single force – whether
constitutionally derived or tyrannical – should be
able to dictate the boundaries of federal and
state authority or force other governments to
work for it. Each government should remain
relevant. With a well-functioning system, major
violations are punished, upholding compliance;
minor transgressions, when allowed promote
exploration of the policy space and adaptation of
the rules; and the multiple safeguards, each
judging governmental actions independently,
means that the system is not vulnerable to the
failings of one component.